1937
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Pan-African Chronology
January 1
*Chuck Davis, an African American dancer and choreographer who brought traditional African dance to America, was born in Raleigh, North Carolina.
January 4
*Chuck Davis, an African American dancer and choreographer who brought traditional African dance to America, was born in Raleigh, North Carolina.
*Grace Bumbry, an opera singer, was born in St. Louis, Missouri.
January 5
*The Black Native Party of Uruguay was recognized by the Electoral Court.
January 8
*Shirley Bassey, a singer best known for singing the theme song for the James Bond film Goldfinger, was born in Tiger Bay, Cardiff, Wales.
*Shirley Bassey, a singer best known for singing the theme song for the James Bond film Goldfinger, was born in Tiger Bay, Cardiff, Wales.
January 9
*Italy banned interracial marriage in its African colonies.
*The French Colonial Ministry confirmed reports that it was studying plans to offer land on Madagascar and other French colonies for settlement by Jews.
*Italy banned interracial marriage in its African colonies.
January 16
*The French Colonial Ministry confirmed reports that it was studying plans to offer land on Madagascar and other French colonies for settlement by Jews.
January 17
*The melodrama film Black Legion starring Humphrey Bogart premiered in New York City.
January 25
*Ange-Felix Patasse, a politician who became the President of the Central African Republic, was born in Paoua, Ubangi-Shari.
February 1
*Garrett Morris, comedian and actor, in New Orleans, Louisiana.
February 2
*The melodrama film Black Legion starring Humphrey Bogart premiered in New York City.
January 25
*Ange-Felix Patasse, a politician who became the President of the Central African Republic, was born in Paoua, Ubangi-Shari.
February 1
*Garrett Morris, comedian and actor, in New Orleans, Louisiana.
February 2
*Martina Arroyo, an operatic soprano and Kennedy Center honoree, was born.
February 7
*Juan Pizarro, a baseball player who played for 18 seasons in Major League Baseball, was born in Santurce, Puerto Rico.
February 7
*Juan Pizarro, a baseball player who played for 18 seasons in Major League Baseball, was born in Santurce, Puerto Rico.
February 10
*Roberta Flack, a Grammy winning singer, was born in Black Mountain, North Carolina.
February 12
*Roberta Flack, a Grammy winning singer, was born in Black Mountain, North Carolina.
February 12
*Charles Dumas, an Olympic champion high jumper who was the first to clear seven feet, was born in Tulsa, Oklahoma.
February 13
*Rupiah Banda, the President of Zambia from 2008 to 2011, was born in Gwanda, Southern Rhodesia,
February 14
*Magic Sam, a blues musician, was born in Grenada, Mississippi.
February 19
*Ethiopians attempted to assassinate Italian Viceroy Rodolfo Graziani in a grenade attack. Graziani and several of his staff were wounded. In retaliation, the Italians would massacre 30,000 Ethiopians in reprisal killings over the next three days.
*Robert Walker, a blues musician, was born near Clarksdale, Mississippi.
February 20
*Nancy Wilson, a jazz and pop singer, was born in Chillicothe, Ohio.
February 21
February 21
*The Italians captured the leader of the Ethiopian resistance, Desta Damtew.
*Mussolini decreed that any native chieftain or officer who opposed Italian colonial troops, even in territory as yet unoccupied, would be put to death.
February 23
*Italy protested to Britain for inviting Haile Selassie to send an envoy to the king's coronation ceremony.
February 24
*Desta Damtew, a leader of the Ethiopian resistance, was executed.
March
*In March 1937 a new manifesto was issued for the Black Native Party of Uruguay, following similar lines as the original party manifesto.
March 5
*Olusegun Obasanjo, the President of Nigeria from 1999 to 2007, was born in Abeokuta, Colonial Nigeria.
March 8
*Juvenal Habyarimana, the third President of Rwanda, was born in Ruanda-Urundi.
*Raynoma Singleton, one of the founders of Motown and the second wife of Berry Gordy, was born in Detroit, Michigan.
March 10
The encyclical Mit brennender Sorge ("With burning concern") of Pope Pius XI was published in Germany in the German language. Largely the work of Cardinals von Faulhaber and Pacelli, it condemned breaches of the 1933 Reichskonkordat agreement signed between the Nazi government and the Catholic Church, and criticized Nazism's views on race and other matters incompatible with Catholicism.
March 21
*The Ponce massacre occurred in Ponce, Puerto Rico when police opened fire on a peaceful civilian march. Twenty-one were killed and more than 200 wounded.
March 25
*Italy and Yugoslavia signed a five-year non-aggression and neutrality pact. Yugoslavia recognized Ethiopia as Italian territory while Italy made trade concessions and granted language and school rights for its Yugoslav minority.
March 26
*Olusegun Obasanjo, the President of Nigeria from 1999 to 2007, was born in Abeokuta, Colonial Nigeria.
March 8
*Juvenal Habyarimana, the third President of Rwanda, was born in Ruanda-Urundi.
*Raynoma Singleton, one of the founders of Motown and the second wife of Berry Gordy, was born in Detroit, Michigan.
The encyclical Mit brennender Sorge ("With burning concern") of Pope Pius XI was published in Germany in the German language. Largely the work of Cardinals von Faulhaber and Pacelli, it condemned breaches of the 1933 Reichskonkordat agreement signed between the Nazi government and the Catholic Church, and criticized Nazism's views on race and other matters incompatible with Catholicism.
March 21
*The Ponce massacre occurred in Ponce, Puerto Rico when police opened fire on a peaceful civilian march. Twenty-one were killed and more than 200 wounded.
March 25
*Italy and Yugoslavia signed a five-year non-aggression and neutrality pact. Yugoslavia recognized Ethiopia as Italian territory while Italy made trade concessions and granted language and school rights for its Yugoslav minority.
March 26
*William H. Hastie was confirmed as the first African American federal judge. He serve for two years on the District Court of the Virgin Islands.
*Wayne Embry, a basketball player and executive, was born in Springfield, Ohio.
*Wayne Embry, a basketball player and executive, was born in Springfield, Ohio.
March 27
*Johnny Copeland, a blues musician, was born in Haynesville, Louisiana.
March 28
*Johnny Copeland, a blues musician, was born in Haynesville, Louisiana.
March 28
*Eddie "Rochester" Anderson made his first appearance on Jack Benny's radio show.
April 5
*Colin L. Powell was born in New York City, New York. He would become the first African American to serve as Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff and the first African American to serve as Secretary of State.
April 6
*Television and film actor Billy Dee Williams was born in New York City, New York. He would star in the movie Lady Sings the Blues and in two Star Wars films.
April 15
*The Black Native Party of Uruguay published the first issue of the journal Pan ('Bread') as its official organ.
May 4
*Sculptor Melvin Edwards was born in Houston, Texas.
*Ron Carter, a jazz double-bassist, was born in Ferndale, Michigan.
May 6
*Rubin "Hurricane" Carter, a middleweight boxer who was wrongly convicted of murder and was later freed, was born in Clifton, New Jersey.
May 8
*Mike Cuellar, the 1969 Cy Young Award winner, was born in Santa Clara, Cuba.
May 21
May 24
*Jazz saxophonist Archie Shepp was born in Fort Lauderdale, Florida.
May 25
*Painter Henry Ossawa Tanner died in Paris, France.
May 31
June 1
*In Italy, the Ministry of Popular Culture ordered all foreign words and names to be Italianized. Louis Armstrong, for example, was to be known as Luigi Fortebraccio.
*Actor Morgan Freeman was born in Memphis, Tennessee. He would receive a Best Supporting Actor Academy Award for his role in Million Dollar Baby.
June 8
*Toni Harper, a child singer known for the hit "Candy Store Blues", was born in Los Angeles, California.
*Toni Harper, a child singer known for the hit "Candy Store Blues", was born in Los Angeles, California.
June 13
*Eleanor Holmes Norton was born in Washington, D. C. She would chair the United States Equal Opportunity Commission and serve as delegate to Congress from the District of Columbia.
June 14
*Willie Reed, a witness to the murder of Emmett Till, was born in Greenwood, Mississippi.
June 15
*Switzerland recognized the Italian conquest of Ethiopia.
Jnne 17
*Cuban band Orquesta de la Playa recorded "Bruca manigua", Arsenio Rodriguez's first hit.
June 22
*Switzerland recognized the Italian conquest of Ethiopia.
Jnne 17
*Cuban band Orquesta de la Playa recorded "Bruca manigua", Arsenio Rodriguez's first hit.
June 22
*African Americans rejoiced as Joe Louis defeated James J. Braddock for the heavyweight championship of the world.
June 24
*Paul Robeson made an important speech on the Spanish Civil War at the Royal Albert Hall in London during a benefit to raise funds for Basque refugee children. "There is no standing above the conflict on Olympian heights. There are no impartial observers", Robeson said. "The liberation of Spain from the oppression of fascist reactionaries is not a private matter of the Spaniards, but the common cause of all advanced and progressive humanity."
*Liechtenstein added a crown to its national flag so it would no longer be identical to the flag of Haiti.
July 2
*Paul Robeson made an important speech on the Spanish Civil War at the Royal Albert Hall in London during a benefit to raise funds for Basque refugee children. "There is no standing above the conflict on Olympian heights. There are no impartial observers", Robeson said. "The liberation of Spain from the oppression of fascist reactionaries is not a private matter of the Spaniards, but the common cause of all advanced and progressive humanity."
*Liechtenstein added a crown to its national flag so it would no longer be identical to the flag of Haiti.
July 2
*Walter F. White, the Executive Secretary of the NAACP, was honored in New York City for his investigations of lynchings, and his lobbying for a federal anti-lynching law.
*Isaac Lane, Bishop and patriarch of the Colored Methodist Episcopal Church, and founder of Lane College in Tennessee, died.
July 5
*A local committee of the Black Native Party of Uruguay was established in Rivera.
July 6
* Michael Sata, the fifth President of Zambia, was born in Mpika, Northern Rhodesia.
July 10
* Michael Sata, the fifth President of Zambia, was born in Mpika, Northern Rhodesia.
July 10
*Oliver Law, the first African American to lead an integrated military force in the history of the United States, was killed on July 10 leading his men in an attack on Mosquito Crest (Mosquito Hill) in the Spanish Civil War.
July 12
*Comedian and entertainer William "Bill" Cosby was born in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.
July 24
*Alabama dropped rape charges against the so-called Scottsboro Boys.
July 24
*Alabama dropped rape charges against the so-called Scottsboro Boys.
July 27
*Woodie King, Jr., dramatist, critic, and producer, was born in Baldwin Springs, Alabama (July 27). As artistic director of the New Federal Theater, he would adapt Langston Hughes' Weary Blues for the stage.
August 3
*Roland Burris, the first African American elected to statewide office in Illinois, was born in Centralia, Illinois.
August 7
August 3
*Roland Burris, the first African American elected to statewide office in Illinois, was born in Centralia, Illinois.
August 7
*Magic Slim, a blues singer and guitarist, was born in Torrance, Mississippi.
August 17
*The United States Senate confirmed Hugo Black for the United States Supreme Court by a 63-16 vote despite his controversial past involvement with the Ku Klux Klan.
*Diego Segui, a baseball player who played for both of Seattle's Major League Baseball teams, was born in Holguin, Cuba.
August 18
*Jean Alingue Bawoyeu, politician and former Prime Minister was born in Fort-Lamy, French Equatorial Africa.
August 27
*Alice Coltrane, a jazz musician, was born in Detroit, Michigan.
August 30
*Joe Louis retained boxing's World Heavyweight Championship with a 15-round decision over Tommy Farr at Yankee Stadium.
August 31
*Bobby Parker, a blues-rock guitarist best known for his song "Watch Your Step", was born in Lafayette, Louisiana.
*The NAACP sent a telegram to President Roosevelt urging that he call upon Hugo Black to resign from the Supreme Court or "take other appropriate action in the absence of repudiation and disproof of the charges by Senator Black to relieve himself and the nation of the embarrassment of having upon the highest court a man pledged to uphold principles inimical to true Americanism."
*Jesse J. McCrary, Jr., a lawyer and civil rights activist who became the first African American in the Florida State Cabinet, was born in Blitchton, Florida.
September 17
*Orlando Cepeda, a Hall of Fame baseball player, was born in Ponce, Puerto Rico.
September 19
*Abner Haynes, an American Football League running back, was born in Denton, Texas.
*The United States Senate confirmed Hugo Black for the United States Supreme Court by a 63-16 vote despite his controversial past involvement with the Ku Klux Klan.
*Diego Segui, a baseball player who played for both of Seattle's Major League Baseball teams, was born in Holguin, Cuba.
August 18
*Jean Alingue Bawoyeu, politician and former Prime Minister was born in Fort-Lamy, French Equatorial Africa.
August 27
*Alice Coltrane, a jazz musician, was born in Detroit, Michigan.
August 30
August 31
*Bobby Parker, a blues-rock guitarist best known for his song "Watch Your Step", was born in Lafayette, Louisiana.
September 7
*Olly Wilson, a classical composer, was born in St. Louis, Missouri.
September 16
September 16
*The NAACP sent a telegram to President Roosevelt urging that he call upon Hugo Black to resign from the Supreme Court or "take other appropriate action in the absence of repudiation and disproof of the charges by Senator Black to relieve himself and the nation of the embarrassment of having upon the highest court a man pledged to uphold principles inimical to true Americanism."
*Jesse J. McCrary, Jr., a lawyer and civil rights activist who became the first African American in the Florida State Cabinet, was born in Blitchton, Florida.
September 17
*Orlando Cepeda, a Hall of Fame baseball player, was born in Ponce, Puerto Rico.
September 19
*Abner Haynes, an American Football League running back, was born in Denton, Texas.
September 26
*Bessie Smith, "Empress of the Blues", died in Clarksville, Mississippi, from injuries suffered in an automobile accident. She is considered to be not only the greatest of the urban blues singers, but also one of the great voices of the 20th century.
October 1
*United States Supreme Court Justice Hugo Black gave a radio address admitting that he had once been a member of the Ku Klux Klan, but had resigned and never rejoined. Black repudiated the Klan and pointed out that his voting record in the Senate demonstrated that he was "of that group of liberal senators who have consistently fought for the civil, economic and religious rights of all Americans, without regard to race or creed."
October 2
*The Parsley Massacre began in Hispaniola when Dominican President Rafael Trujillo made an inflammatory speech against Haitans.
*Johnnie Cochran, a lawyer best know for his defense of O. J. Simpson, was born in Shreveport, Louisiana.
October 20
*Juan Marichal, a Hall of Fame baseball player, was born in Monte Cristi, Dominican Republic.
October 28
*Lenny Wilkens, a Hall of Fame basketball player and coach, in Brooklyn, New York.
October 29
*Henry Armstrong knocked out Petey Sarron in the sixth round at Madison Square Garden to win the World Featherweight Championship of boxing.
November 1
*United States Supreme Court Justice Hugo Black gave a radio address admitting that he had once been a member of the Ku Klux Klan, but had resigned and never rejoined. Black repudiated the Klan and pointed out that his voting record in the Senate demonstrated that he was "of that group of liberal senators who have consistently fought for the civil, economic and religious rights of all Americans, without regard to race or creed."
October 2
*The Parsley Massacre began in Hispaniola when Dominican President Rafael Trujillo made an inflammatory speech against Haitans.
*Johnnie Cochran, a lawyer best know for his defense of O. J. Simpson, was born in Shreveport, Louisiana.
*Juan Marichal, a Hall of Fame baseball player, was born in Monte Cristi, Dominican Republic.
October 28
*Lenny Wilkens, a Hall of Fame basketball player and coach, in Brooklyn, New York.
October 29
*Henry Armstrong knocked out Petey Sarron in the sixth round at Madison Square Garden to win the World Featherweight Championship of boxing.
November 1
*William Melvin Kelley, a novelist and short-story writer, was born in New York City.
November 2
*Earl Carroll, the lead vocalist for the doo-wop singing group, The Cadillacs, was born.
November 3
*Ethiopian Crown Prince Asfaw Wossen petitioned the Coptic Church Council in Egypt for a divorce from Wolete Israel Seyoum, declaring that he could not live with the daughter of a man who surrendered to the Italian invaders.
November 12
*The memoir Out of Africa by Karen Blixen was published.
November 15
*Little Willie John, an R&B singer who is best known for his song "Fever", was born Cullendale, Arkansas.
November 28
*Elijah Malok Aleng, a South Sudanese public servant, general and politician, was born in Bor, Sudan.
*Everett Farmer, the last person to be executed in Nova Scotia, was hanged from the gallows in Shelburne, Nova Scotia.
December 4
*The General Assembly of the Black Native Party of Uruguay was organized.
December 12
*Willie Stokes, a reputed Chicago mobster, was born in Chicago, Illinois.
December 18
*A local committee of the Black Native Party of Uruguay was set up in the town of Melo.
December 26
*DeLawrence Beard, the first African American superior court judge in Montgomery County, Maryland, was born in Okalona, Arkansas.
*La Julia Rhea (1908-1992) became the first African American to sing with the Chicago Civic Opera Company during the regular season when she opened on December 26, 1937, in the title role of Verdi's Aida.
December 30
*James Marshall, a National Football League (NFL) player who held the career record for most consecutive starts, was born in Wilsonville, in Boyle County, Kentucky.
Date Unknown
December 30
*James Marshall, a National Football League (NFL) player who held the career record for most consecutive starts, was born in Wilsonville, in Boyle County, Kentucky.
Date Unknown
*Cain James Kennedy, the first African American appointed circuit judge in Alabama in the 20th century, was born in Thomaston, Alabama.
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