1933
Pan-African Chronology
Pan-African Chronology
January 1
*Archaeologists and fortune hunters Jerry van Graan and Ernst van Graan began excavations of the ancestral graveyard of the Kings of Mapungubwe in South Africa, undisturbed since the 13th Century, after being tipped off by a local resident.
January 2
*Sutton Griggs, the author of Imperium in Imperio, a utopian work that envisions a separate African American state within the United States, died in Houston, Texas.
January 4
*After a ban against African American enlistments that had begun on August 4, 1919, the United States Navy allowed African Americans to join, but only in the steward's department, in food service and as servants for officers. At the time, 0.5% of the enlisted men were African American. The reversal was not prompted by racial enlightenment, but by concerns that the number of available Filipino domestic help would be dwindling.
January 7
*A United States opera based on The Emperor Jones, Eugene O'Neill's 1920 play and composed by Louis Gruenberg, premiered at the Metropolitan Opera House in New York City, with baritone Lawrence Tibbett in the title role of a black escaped convict turned ruler (January 7). Tibbett, who was white, appeared in blackface, but several other cast members were African-Americans.
January 15
*Ernest Gaines, the author of A Lesson Before Dying, was born in Oscar, Louisiana.
January 18
*Angelo Herndon, a Communist Party member, was convicted of attempting to incite an insurrection and sentenced to 18 years in prison.
February 5
*James Banning, a trailblazing aviator who made a transcontinental trip in his own self-built plane, was killed while flying as a passenger in another's plane that crashed in San Diego, California.
February 6
*Walter Fauntroy, the long-time Congressional Delegate for the District of Columbia, was born in Washington, D. C.
February 13
*Paul Biya, a long-time President of Cameroon, was born in the village of Mvomeka'a in the South Region of Cameroon.
February 16
*William Bryant, a recipient of the Medal of Honor for his actions in the Vietnam War, was born in Cochran, Georgia.
February 17
*Nina Mae McKinney became the first African American to perform on television, appearing on a broadcast made by John Logie Baird in London.
February 21
*Archaeologists and fortune hunters Jerry van Graan and Ernst van Graan began excavations of the ancestral graveyard of the Kings of Mapungubwe in South Africa, undisturbed since the 13th Century, after being tipped off by a local resident.
January 2
*Sutton Griggs, the author of Imperium in Imperio, a utopian work that envisions a separate African American state within the United States, died in Houston, Texas.
January 4
*After a ban against African American enlistments that had begun on August 4, 1919, the United States Navy allowed African Americans to join, but only in the steward's department, in food service and as servants for officers. At the time, 0.5% of the enlisted men were African American. The reversal was not prompted by racial enlightenment, but by concerns that the number of available Filipino domestic help would be dwindling.
January 7
*A United States opera based on The Emperor Jones, Eugene O'Neill's 1920 play and composed by Louis Gruenberg, premiered at the Metropolitan Opera House in New York City, with baritone Lawrence Tibbett in the title role of a black escaped convict turned ruler (January 7). Tibbett, who was white, appeared in blackface, but several other cast members were African-Americans.
January 15
*Ernest Gaines, the author of A Lesson Before Dying, was born in Oscar, Louisiana.
January 18
*Angelo Herndon, a Communist Party member, was convicted of attempting to incite an insurrection and sentenced to 18 years in prison.
February 5
*James Banning, a trailblazing aviator who made a transcontinental trip in his own self-built plane, was killed while flying as a passenger in another's plane that crashed in San Diego, California.
February 6
*Walter Fauntroy, the long-time Congressional Delegate for the District of Columbia, was born in Washington, D. C.
February 13
*Paul Biya, a long-time President of Cameroon, was born in the village of Mvomeka'a in the South Region of Cameroon.
February 16
*William Bryant, a recipient of the Medal of Honor for his actions in the Vietnam War, was born in Cochran, Georgia.
February 17
*Nina Mae McKinney became the first African American to perform on television, appearing on a broadcast made by John Logie Baird in London.
February 21
*Singer Nina Simone, "High Priestess of Soul," was born in Tryon, North Carolina.
February 23
*Lee Calhoun, the 1956 and 1960 Olympic 110 meter hurdles champion, was born in Laurel, Mississippi.
February 23
*Lee Calhoun, the 1956 and 1960 Olympic 110 meter hurdles champion, was born in Laurel, Mississippi.
February 24
*Ali Mazrui, author of The Africans, was born in Mombasa, Kenya.
February 26
*Godfrey Cambridge, a comic and actor, was born in New York City, New York.
March 4
*Solomon kaDinuzulu, the King of the Zulu nation, died at Kambi.
February 26
*Godfrey Cambridge, a comic and actor, was born in New York City, New York.
March 4
*Solomon kaDinuzulu, the King of the Zulu nation, died at Kambi.
March 14
*Trumpeter and record producer Quincy Delight Jones, winner of 20 Grammys, was born in Chicago.
March 15
*The NAACP opened its attack on segregation and discrimination in American schools and colleges. On behalf of Thomas Hocutt, the NAACP sued the University of North Carolina. An African American educator responsible for certifying the academic record of the applicant refused to do so, and the case was lost.
March 17
*Myrlie Evers-Williams, the widow of Medgar Evers and a chairperson of the NAACP, was born in Vicksburg, Mississippi.
March 29
*Clifford Fyle, a Sierra Leonean author who wrote the Sierra Leone National Anthem, was born in Freetown, Sierra Leone.
April 9
*The first of the series of retrials of the Scottsboro Boys ended. Haywood Patterson was again found guilty of rape and sentenced to execution.
March 15
*The NAACP opened its attack on segregation and discrimination in American schools and colleges. On behalf of Thomas Hocutt, the NAACP sued the University of North Carolina. An African American educator responsible for certifying the academic record of the applicant refused to do so, and the case was lost.
March 17
*Myrlie Evers-Williams, the widow of Medgar Evers and a chairperson of the NAACP, was born in Vicksburg, Mississippi.
March 29
*Clifford Fyle, a Sierra Leonean author who wrote the Sierra Leone National Anthem, was born in Freetown, Sierra Leone.
April 9
*The first of the series of retrials of the Scottsboro Boys ended. Haywood Patterson was again found guilty of rape and sentenced to execution.
April 11
*Tony Brown, producer and host of the Emmy-winning TV series Black Journal, was born in Charles Town, West Virginia.
April 24
*Camp De Priest, the first African-American Civilian Conservation Corps (CCC) camp, was established at the Allegheny National Forest.
May 3
*James Brown, a singer known as the "Godfather of Soul", was born in Barnwell, South Carolina.
April 24
*Camp De Priest, the first African-American Civilian Conservation Corps (CCC) camp, was established at the Allegheny National Forest.
May 3
*James Brown, a singer known as the "Godfather of Soul", was born in Barnwell, South Carolina.
May 11
*Louis Farrakhan (Louis Eugene Walcott) was born in New York City. As Louis Farrakhan, he would become national representative of Elijah Muhammad's Nation of Islam, and upon Muhammad's death, he would lead a faction of the movement.
May 19
*Tom Feelings, an illustrator and comic strip artist, was born in Brooklyn, New York (May 19).
May 21
*George Wilson Becton, the controversial 43-year-old African-American evangelist, was murdered by two white gunmen as he and aides left a Philadelphia church after he preached a sermon there.
June 17
*Maurice Stokes, a professional basketball player who was the 1956 NBA Rookie of the Year, was born in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.
June 20
*Hilarius Gilges, an Afro-German tap dancer, actor and communist, was murdered by the Nazis in Dusseldorf, Germany.
June 21
*Gerald William Barrax, a poet and the author of Leaning Against the Sun, was born in Attalia, Alabama.
June 22
*In a ruling that would cost him his judicial career, Alabama circuit judge James E. Horton set aside the April 9 jury verdict against Haywood Patterson, the first of the Scottsboro Boys to be retried on charges of rape in 1931. Judge Horton wrote, after reviewing the proof presented at the trial, that "the evidence greatly preponderates in favor of the defendant", set aside the verdict and the death sentence, and ordered a retrial. In making the unpopular decision, Horton would lose his bid for re-election in 1934, and retire to farming. All of the Scottsboro Boys would later be exonerated and released from prison.
June 24
May 19
*Tom Feelings, an illustrator and comic strip artist, was born in Brooklyn, New York (May 19).
May 21
*George Wilson Becton, the controversial 43-year-old African-American evangelist, was murdered by two white gunmen as he and aides left a Philadelphia church after he preached a sermon there.
June 17
*Maurice Stokes, a professional basketball player who was the 1956 NBA Rookie of the Year, was born in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.
June 20
*Hilarius Gilges, an Afro-German tap dancer, actor and communist, was murdered by the Nazis in Dusseldorf, Germany.
June 21
*Gerald William Barrax, a poet and the author of Leaning Against the Sun, was born in Attalia, Alabama.
June 22
*In a ruling that would cost him his judicial career, Alabama circuit judge James E. Horton set aside the April 9 jury verdict against Haywood Patterson, the first of the Scottsboro Boys to be retried on charges of rape in 1931. Judge Horton wrote, after reviewing the proof presented at the trial, that "the evidence greatly preponderates in favor of the defendant", set aside the verdict and the death sentence, and ordered a retrial. In making the unpopular decision, Horton would lose his bid for re-election in 1934, and retire to farming. All of the Scottsboro Boys would later be exonerated and released from prison.
June 24
*Soprano Sissieretta Jones, known as "Black Patti", died in Providence, Rhode Island. She sang at Carnegie Hall, the Madison Square Garden, and the White House.
June 25
*James Meredith, the first African American student admitted to the University of Mississippi, was born in Kosciusko, Mississippi.
July 1
*Ethel Waters became the first African-American to have her own network radio show, after being signed to appear twice a week on the NBC Radio Network.
July 4
Jan Dirk Breytenbach DVR SD SM MMM[3] (born 4 July 1933) was appointed by General Fritz Loots, the founder of the South African Special Forces Brigade, as the first commander of 1 Reconnaissance Commando, the first unit founded within the South African Special Forces. He was also appointed as the first commander of the 32 Battalion, known colloquially as "Buffalo Battalion", as well as 44 Parachute Brigade.
July 10
*Richard Hatcher, a politician who became the first African American to serve as Mayor of Gary, Indiana, was born.
July 15
*Freddie Keppard (sometimes rendered as Freddy Keppard), an early jazz cornetist who once held the title of "King" in the New Orleans jazz scene, was born in New Orleans, Louisiana. This title was previously held by Buddy Bolden and succeeded by Joe Oliver.
July 21
*Father Charles Uncles, one of the first African-American Catholic priests, died in Baltimore, Maryland. His death left only two black Catholic priests in the United States, Norman Dukette and Charles Logan.
July 22
*Caterina Jarboro became the first African-American opera singer to perform at a major opera house, appearing at the New York Hippodrome for the Chicago Civic Opera in the title role of Aida.
July 26
*Charles Tindley, a Methodist minister and gospel music composer known as the "Prince of Preachers", was born in Berlin, Maryland.
June 25
*James Meredith, the first African American student admitted to the University of Mississippi, was born in Kosciusko, Mississippi.
July 1
*Ethel Waters became the first African-American to have her own network radio show, after being signed to appear twice a week on the NBC Radio Network.
July 4
Jan Dirk Breytenbach DVR SD SM MMM[3] (born 4 July 1933) was appointed by General Fritz Loots, the founder of the South African Special Forces Brigade, as the first commander of 1 Reconnaissance Commando, the first unit founded within the South African Special Forces. He was also appointed as the first commander of the 32 Battalion, known colloquially as "Buffalo Battalion", as well as 44 Parachute Brigade.
Breytenbach attended the Army Gymnasium in 1950, and was awarded the Sword of Peace in 1953 and joined the Royal Navy Fleet Air Arm after serving in the Armoured Corps and saw service in the Suez Crisis in 1956. He rejoined the South African Defence Force in 1961[3] and soon after completed one of 1 Parachute Battalion's courses. He founded 1 Reconnaissance Commando in 1971.
In 1975 Breytenbach lead Operation Savannah, the SADF's covert intervention in the Angolan Civil War. The remnants of this group became the infamous 32 Battalion.
He attended Staff College in 1977[4] and was promoted to Colonel. In 1978, lead the SADF air assault on Cassinga, and has continued to the present day to contest opposing versions of the event in the press.[5]
He became Senior Staff Officer for Operations at Northern Transvaal Command and commanded 44 Parachute Brigade from 24 September 1980 to 31 December 1982. He founded the SADF Guerilla school which he commanded until his retirement.[3]
Breytenbach retired from the military in 1987, and has written a number of books since then. He is the brother of South African poet and writer Breyten Breytenbach and of war correspondent/photographer Cloete Breytenbach. During the 1980s, Breyten and Jan Breytenbach held strongly opposing political viewpoints, so with his brother opting for a more left-wing approach, this influential family effectively covered the political spectrum.
July 10
*Richard Hatcher, a politician who became the first African American to serve as Mayor of Gary, Indiana, was born.
July 15
*Freddie Keppard (sometimes rendered as Freddy Keppard), an early jazz cornetist who once held the title of "King" in the New Orleans jazz scene, was born in New Orleans, Louisiana. This title was previously held by Buddy Bolden and succeeded by Joe Oliver.
July 21
*Father Charles Uncles, one of the first African-American Catholic priests, died in Baltimore, Maryland. His death left only two black Catholic priests in the United States, Norman Dukette and Charles Logan.
July 22
*Caterina Jarboro became the first African-American opera singer to perform at a major opera house, appearing at the New York Hippodrome for the Chicago Civic Opera in the title role of Aida.
July 26
*Charles Tindley, a Methodist minister and gospel music composer known as the "Prince of Preachers", was born in Berlin, Maryland.
August 12
*Camille Billops, painter, sculptor, and filmmaker, was born in Los Angeles.
August 13
*Joycelyn Elders, a pediatrician who became the first African American appointed Surgeon General of the United States, was born in Schaal, Arkansas.
September 1
August 13
*Joycelyn Elders, a pediatrician who became the first African American appointed Surgeon General of the United States, was born in Schaal, Arkansas.
September 1
*United States Interior Secretary Harold L. Ickes issued an order forbidding racial discrimination in hiring on any Public Works Administration (PWA) funded projects, including any businesses awarded a PWA contract.
*Gene Harris, a jazz pianist known for his rendition of "Ode to Billie Joe", was born in Benton Harbor, Michigan.
*Gene Harris, a jazz pianist known for his rendition of "Ode to Billie Joe", was born in Benton Harbor, Michigan.
September 2
*Mathieu Kerekou, a President of Benin known as "The Chameleon", was born Kouarfa, in north-west French Dahomey (Benin).
September 4
*At Camp Columbia, the Cuban Army base at Marianao, near Havana, Sergeant Fulgencio Batista, a person of African descent, led an uprising of non-commissioned officers (known as the "Revolt of the Sergeants") against their Army superiors, seized control of the base, then incited a revolt that would topple the national government the next day.
September 5
September 4
*At Camp Columbia, the Cuban Army base at Marianao, near Havana, Sergeant Fulgencio Batista, a person of African descent, led an uprising of non-commissioned officers (known as the "Revolt of the Sergeants") against their Army superiors, seized control of the base, then incited a revolt that would topple the national government the next day.
September 5
*As the Revolt of the Sergeants continued, Cuba's President Carlos Cespedes, in office for only a few weeks after the overthrow of Gerardo Machado, stepped aside in favor of a five-member junta allied with Sergeant Batista. The Pentarquia was led by law professor Guillermo Portela, accompanied by Jose Irizarri, Porfirio Franco, Sergio Carbo, and Ramon Grau San Martin. Within a week, Grau would become President, and Batista would be promoted to Army Chief of Staff. Batista would later become dictator of Cuba until being overthrown in an uprising by Fidel Castro.
September 6
*As the uprising in Cuba continued, the United States dispatched 16 destroyers to the island nation, bringing to 30 the number of United States Navy ships prepared to bring an invading force.
September 10
*The first Negro League baseball all-star game, dubbed the "East-West All-Star Game" for the Negro National League, was played one month after the white Major League Baseball teams held their first all-star game, and at the same venue, Comiskey Park in Chicago, where 20,000 attended. The West team beat the East, 11-7 with future Baseball Hall of Fame inductees Bill Foster, Mule Suttles, Willie Wells, and Turkey Stearnes, while the East had future Cooperstown inductees Josh Gibson, Satchel Paige, Judy Johnson, Biz Mackey, Cool Papa Bell, Jud Wilson, Oscar Charleston, Andy Cooper and Manager Pop Lloyd.
*Ramon Grau became the fourth President of Cuba in less than a month, after the Revolutionary Council elected him to take over from the junta that had overthrown President de Cespedes. He would serve for a few months, but would serve a four-year term later from 1944 to 1948.
September 14
*The British High Commissioner for the African protectorate of Bechuanaland (now the Republic of Botswana), Vice Admiral E.R.G.R. Evans, sent in troops to the city of Serowe, to depose the King of the Bamangwato tribe, Chief Tshekedi. The King had violated a law prohibiting trial of any European national in native courts, after permitting a British citizen, Phineas McIntosh, to be flogged as punishment for adultery.
September 18
*Aklilu Lemma, an Ethiopian physician known for his work on preventing the parasitic disease bilharzia, was born Jijiga, Abyssinia.
September 19
*The film version of The Emperor Jones, starring Paul Robeson and an African-American cast, had its premiere, being shown at the Rivoli theater in Manhattan and the Roosevelt Theater in Harlem.
September 20
*Billy Walker, a jockey who won the Kentucky Derby riding Baden-Baden, died In Louisville, Kentucky.
September 21
*Clifford Leopold Alexander, Jr., a lawyer, businessman and public servant who became the first African American to serve as Secretary of the Army (1977-1981), was born in New York City, New York (September 21).
September 29
*Samora Machel, the President of Mozambique from 1975 to 1986, was born in Gaza Province, Mozambique.
September 29
*Samora Machel, the President of Mozambique from 1975 to 1986, was born in Gaza Province, Mozambique.
October 17
*The weekly newspaper Negro World, which had been founded 15 years earlier by Marcus Garvey and the Universal Negro Improvement Association, ceased publication.
October 18
*The last lynching in Maryland took place in the town of Princess Anne (October 18). George Armwood had been arrested two days earlier and charged with the rape of an 81-year-old woman. A mob of more than 1,000 people surrounded the Somerset County Jail, dragged him through the streets, hanged him, then brought the body back to the courthouse where it was hung from a telephone pole and burned.
October 19
October 20
*William Mboumona, a Cameroonian politician who served as Secretary-General of the Organization of African Unity from 1974 to 1978, was born Bonadibong, Douala.
October 23
October 24
*Lucy Craft Laney (b. April 13, 1854, Macon, Georgia – d. October 24, 1933, Augusta, Georgia), an early African-American educator who in 1883 founded the first school for black children in Augusta, Georgia, died in Augusta, Georgia. She was principal of the Haines Institute for Industrial and Normal Education for 50 years. While he was Governor of the State of Georgia, Jimmy Carter selected her portrait to hang in the Georgia State Capitol.
October 27
*Grady Brooks was executed in Milledgeville, Georgia, for the murder of prison guard Lee Lindsay. Before going to the electric chair, the 19-year-old African-American confessed to 18 other murders, five of them when he was a 13-year-old child.
October 30
*Wallace Muhammad, the founder of the American Society of Muslims, was born in Hamtramck, Michigan.
*The weekly newspaper Negro World, which had been founded 15 years earlier by Marcus Garvey and the Universal Negro Improvement Association, ceased publication.
October 18
*The last lynching in Maryland took place in the town of Princess Anne (October 18). George Armwood had been arrested two days earlier and charged with the rape of an 81-year-old woman. A mob of more than 1,000 people surrounded the Somerset County Jail, dragged him through the streets, hanged him, then brought the body back to the courthouse where it was hung from a telephone pole and burned.
October 19
*Moses Orimolade, a Nigerian Yoruban religious leader who founded the Order of the Cherubim and Seraphim, died.
October 20
*William Mboumona, a Cameroonian politician who served as Secretary-General of the Organization of African Unity from 1974 to 1978, was born Bonadibong, Douala.
October 23
Manuel Francisco dos Santos (28 October 1933 – 20 January 1983), known by the nickname Garrincha (Portuguese pronunciation: [ɡaˈʁĩʃɐ], "little bird"),[1]was a Brazilian footballer who played right winger and forward. He is regarded by many in the sport to be the best dribbler in football history.[2]
The word garrincha itself means wren.[3] Garrincha was also known as Mané (short for Manuel) by his friends.[4] The combined Mané Garrincha is common among fans in Brazil. Due to his immense popularity in Brazil, he was also called Alegria do Povo (People's Joy) and Anjo de Pernas Tortas(Bent-Legged Angel).[5]
In 1958 and 1962, Garrincha won the FIFA World Cup with the Brazil national team. At the 1962 tournament, with Pelé out injured, he led the team to victory, received the World Cup Golden Ball for player of the tournament, the Golden Boot as leading goalscorer, and was named in the World Cup All-Star Team. In 1994 he was named in the FIFA World Cup All-Time Team. Brazil never lost a match while fielding both Garrincha and Pelé.[6]
At club level, Garrincha played the majority of his professional career for the Brazilian team Botafogo. In the Maracanã, the home team room is known as "Garrincha".[7] In the capital Brasília, the Estádio Nacional Mané Garrincha is named after him. He is credited for inspiring the first bullfighting chants of oléto be used at football grounds.[8]
In 1999, he came seventh in the FIFA Player of the Century grand jury vote.[9] He is a member of the World Team of the 20th Century, and was inducted into the Brazilian Football Hall of Fame.[10]
October 24
*Lucy Craft Laney (b. April 13, 1854, Macon, Georgia – d. October 24, 1933, Augusta, Georgia), an early African-American educator who in 1883 founded the first school for black children in Augusta, Georgia, died in Augusta, Georgia. She was principal of the Haines Institute for Industrial and Normal Education for 50 years. While he was Governor of the State of Georgia, Jimmy Carter selected her portrait to hang in the Georgia State Capitol.
October 27
*Grady Brooks was executed in Milledgeville, Georgia, for the murder of prison guard Lee Lindsay. Before going to the electric chair, the 19-year-old African-American confessed to 18 other murders, five of them when he was a 13-year-old child.
October 30
*Wallace Muhammad, the founder of the American Society of Muslims, was born in Hamtramck, Michigan.
November 3
*The United States and Haiti signed a treaty of friendship.
*Louis Wade Sullivan, founder of the Morehouse School of Medicine and President George H. W. Bush's Secretary of Health and Human Services, was born in Atlanta, Georgia.
November 4
*Chukwuemeka Odumegwu Ojukwu, a Nigerian military officer and politician who served as the military governor of the Eastern Region of Nigeria in 1966 and the leader of the breakaway Republic of Biafra from 1967 to 1970, was born in Zungeru, Nigeria.
November 10
November 11
November 4
*Mildred McDaniel-Singleton, an athlete who competed mainly in the women's high jump event during her career and who won the gold medal at the 1956 Summer Olympics held in Melbourne, Australia, was born in Atlanta, Georgia.
*Chukwuemeka Odumegwu Ojukwu, a Nigerian military officer and politician who served as the military governor of the Eastern Region of Nigeria in 1966 and the leader of the breakaway Republic of Biafra from 1967 to 1970, was born in Zungeru, Nigeria.
November 10
Bonny "Mack" Rice (November 10, 1933 – June 27, 2016), sometimes credited as Sir Mack Rice, was anAmerican songwriter and singer.[1] His best-known composition, and biggest hit as a solo performer, was "Mustang Sally." He also wrote "Respect Yourself" with Luther Ingram.
Rice was born in Clarksdale, Mississippi. He began his work in the R&B field in the 1950s based in Detroit, performing with the Five Scalders in 1956 and with the Falcons, a group whose members included Eddie Floyd,Wilson Pickett and Joe Stubbs, from 1957 to 1963.[2] He performed as a solo vocalist in the years to follow, but his biggest successes were as songwriter for other artists on labels like Stax and others in the 1960s and following decades. He began his solo vocalist career at Stax in 1967, recording on Atco Records beginning in 1968. Rice is one of the few musicians whose career touched both Motown and Stax Records.
As a solo recording artist, he had two chart hits: "Mustang Sally", which reached number 15 on the Billboard R&B chart in 1965, and "Coal Man", which reached number 48 on the soul music chart in 1969.[3] Besides "Mustang Sally", which also became a major hit for Wilson Pickett in 1966, and "Respect Yourself", a hit for the Staple Singers, his other songs include "Betcha Can't Kiss Me (Just One Time)", "Cheaper to Keep Her", "Cadillac Assembly Line", "Money Talks", "Cold Women With Warm Hearts", "Do the Funky Penguin, Pt. 1", "It Sho Ain't Me", and "Santa Claus Wants Some Lovin'". His compositions have been performed by many well-known artists, including the Staple Singers, Ike and Tina Turner, Albert King, Johnnie Taylor, Shirley Brown, Rufus Thomas, Etta James, Billy Eckstine, Eddie Floyd, Buddy Guy, The Rascals, The Kingsmen, Wilson Pickett, Albert Collins, Busta Rhymes, Lynyrd Skynyrd, Otis Clay and The Blues Brothers (in Blues Brothers 2000).
In 1992, backed by the soul band The Dynatones, Rice released his first solo album, Right Now on Blue Suit Records, recorded and mixed by Steve Scharren at Scharren Studios in Toledo, Ohio. On it he reprised a number of his hit songs along with a mixture of new tunes.
Rice continued to live in the Detroit area. He died at home in Detroit on June 27, 2016, aged 82, from complications of Alzheimer's disease.[2]
November 11
*Miriam Tlali, a South African novelist who was the first black woman in South Africa to publish a novel, Muriel at Metropolitan, in 1979, and who was also one of the first to write about Soweto, was born in Doornfontein, Johannesburg, South Africa.
November 21
November 21
Etta Zuber Falconer, an educator and mathematician who was one of the first African American women to receive a Ph.D. in mathematics, was born in Tupelo, Mississippi.
November 25
*Leonard Edward Moore, a football halfback who played college football at Pennsylvania State University and professionally in the National Football League (NFL) for the Baltimore Colts from 1956 to 1967, was born in Reading, Pennsylvania.
November 25
*Leonard Edward Moore, a football halfback who played college football at Pennsylvania State University and professionally in the National Football League (NFL) for the Baltimore Colts from 1956 to 1967, was born in Reading, Pennsylvania.
November 30
*Artist Sam Gilliam was born in Tupelo, Mississippi.
December 1
*Clarence Norris, the first of the Scottsboro Boys to receive a new trial, was found guilty of rape and sentenced to death for the third time. His attorney, Samuel S. Leibowitz, appealed the verdict of the Decatur, Alabama jury.
*Clarence Norris, the first of the Scottsboro Boys to receive a new trial, was found guilty of rape and sentenced to death for the third time. His attorney, Samuel S. Leibowitz, appealed the verdict of the Decatur, Alabama jury.
*Lou Rawls, a jazz and blues singer, was born in Chicago, Illinois. Rawls would record over 30 albums.
December 25
*Kid Chocolate (Eligio Montalvo) lost his title as the world junior lightweight champion, after being knocked out in the seventh round by Frankie Klick in Philadelphia.
December 25
*Kid Chocolate (Eligio Montalvo) lost his title as the world junior lightweight champion, after being knocked out in the seventh round by Frankie Klick in Philadelphia.
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